Remains of seven individuals with intentionally modified skulls making them flatter and elongated were uncovered during excavations at Ali Kosh in West Iran. The remains date back to around 7500 BC.
Polish bioarchaeologists, studying the skeletal remains ranging from Neolithic to modern times from Mesopotamia in search for signs of trauma, discovered that physical violence was possibly not so common as the historic sources might suggest.
Analysis of micro-remains of plants contained within the tartar of the teeth led to recognition of plant-based diet of human populations living in Iraq 8500 years ago.